Add shadcn registry documentation and component rules

- Created registry.md for shadcn registry authoring and address schemes.
- Added base-vs-radix.md to outline API differences between base and radix components.
- Introduced chat.md for chat and messaging component guidelines.
- Established composition.md for component composition best practices.
- Defined forms.md for forms and input handling rules.
- Created icons.md for icon usage and guidelines.
- Added styling.md for styling and customization best practices.
- Initialized skills-lock.json to track shadcn skill configuration.
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interface:
display_name: "shadcn/ui"
short_description: "Manages shadcn/ui components — adding, searching, fixing, debugging, styling, and composing UI."
icon_small: "./assets/shadcn-small.png"
icon_large: "./assets/shadcn.png"
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# Customization & Theming
Components reference semantic CSS variable tokens. Change the variables to change every component.
## Contents
- How it works (CSS variables → Tailwind utilities → components)
- Color variables and OKLCH format
- Dark mode setup
- Changing the theme (presets, CSS variables)
- Adding custom colors (Tailwind v3 and v4)
- Border radius
- Customizing components (variants, className, wrappers)
- Checking for updates
---
## How It Works
1. CSS variables defined in `:root` (light) and `.dark` (dark mode).
2. Tailwind maps them to utilities: `bg-primary`, `text-muted-foreground`, etc.
3. Components use these utilities — changing a variable changes all components that reference it.
---
## Color Variables
Every color follows the `name` / `name-foreground` convention. The base variable is for backgrounds, `-foreground` is for text/icons on that background.
| Variable | Purpose |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `--background` / `--foreground` | Page background and default text |
| `--card` / `--card-foreground` | Card surfaces |
| `--primary` / `--primary-foreground` | Primary buttons and actions |
| `--secondary` / `--secondary-foreground` | Secondary actions |
| `--muted` / `--muted-foreground` | Muted/disabled states |
| `--accent` / `--accent-foreground` | Hover and accent states |
| `--destructive` / `--destructive-foreground` | Error and destructive actions |
| `--border` | Default border color |
| `--input` | Form input borders |
| `--ring` | Focus ring color |
| `--chart-1` through `--chart-5` | Chart/data visualization |
| `--sidebar-*` | Sidebar-specific colors |
| `--surface` / `--surface-foreground` | Secondary surface |
Colors use OKLCH: `--primary: oklch(0.205 0 0)` where values are lightness (0–1), chroma (0 = gray), and hue (0–360).
---
## Dark Mode
Class-based toggle via `.dark` on the root element. In Next.js, use `next-themes`:
```tsx
import { ThemeProvider } from "next-themes"
<ThemeProvider attribute="class" defaultTheme="system" enableSystem>
{children}
</ThemeProvider>
```
---
## Changing the Theme
```bash
# Apply a preset code from ui.shadcn.com.
npx shadcn@latest apply --preset a2r6bw
# Positional shorthand also works.
npx shadcn@latest apply a2r6bw
# Switch to a named preset and overwrite existing components.
npx shadcn@latest apply --preset nova
# Preserve existing components instead.
npx shadcn@latest init --preset nova --force --no-reinstall
# Use a custom theme URL.
npx shadcn@latest apply --preset "https://ui.shadcn.com/init?base=radix&style=nova&theme=blue&..."
```
Or edit CSS variables directly in `globals.css`.
---
## Adding Custom Colors
Add variables to the file at `tailwindCssFile` from `npx shadcn@latest info` (typically `globals.css`). Never create a new CSS file for this.
```css
/* 1. Define in the global CSS file. */
:root {
--warning: oklch(0.84 0.16 84);
--warning-foreground: oklch(0.28 0.07 46);
}
.dark {
--warning: oklch(0.41 0.11 46);
--warning-foreground: oklch(0.99 0.02 95);
}
```
```css
/* 2a. Register with Tailwind v4 (@theme inline). */
@theme inline {
--color-warning: var(--warning);
--color-warning-foreground: var(--warning-foreground);
}
```
When `tailwindVersion` is `"v3"` (check via `npx shadcn@latest info`), register in `tailwind.config.js` instead:
```js
// 2b. Register with Tailwind v3 (tailwind.config.js).
module.exports = {
theme: {
extend: {
colors: {
warning: "oklch(var(--warning) / <alpha-value>)",
"warning-foreground":
"oklch(var(--warning-foreground) / <alpha-value>)",
},
},
},
}
```
```tsx
// 3. Use in components.
<div className="bg-warning text-warning-foreground">Warning</div>
```
---
## Border Radius
`--radius` controls border radius globally. Components derive values from it (`rounded-lg` = `var(--radius)`, `rounded-md` = `calc(var(--radius) - 2px)`).
---
## Customizing Components
See also: [rules/styling.md](./rules/styling.md) for Incorrect/Correct examples.
Prefer these approaches in order:
### 1. Built-in variants
```tsx
<Button variant="outline" size="sm">
Click
</Button>
```
### 2. Tailwind classes via `className`
```tsx
<Card className="mx-auto max-w-md">...</Card>
```
### 3. Add a new variant
Edit the component source to add a variant via `cva`:
```tsx
// components/ui/button.tsx
warning: "bg-warning text-warning-foreground hover:bg-warning/90",
```
### 4. Wrapper components
Compose shadcn/ui primitives into higher-level components:
```tsx
export function ConfirmDialog({ title, description, onConfirm, children }) {
return (
<AlertDialog>
<AlertDialogTrigger asChild>{children}</AlertDialogTrigger>
<AlertDialogContent>
<AlertDialogHeader>
<AlertDialogTitle>{title}</AlertDialogTitle>
<AlertDialogDescription>{description}</AlertDialogDescription>
</AlertDialogHeader>
<AlertDialogFooter>
<AlertDialogCancel>Cancel</AlertDialogCancel>
<AlertDialogAction onClick={onConfirm}>Confirm</AlertDialogAction>
</AlertDialogFooter>
</AlertDialogContent>
</AlertDialog>
)
}
```
---
## Checking for Updates
```bash
npx shadcn@latest add button --diff
```
To preview exactly what would change before updating, use `--dry-run` and `--diff`:
```bash
npx shadcn@latest add button --dry-run # see all affected files
npx shadcn@latest add button --diff button.tsx # see the diff for a specific file
```
See [Updating Components in SKILL.md](./SKILL.md#updating-components) for the full smart merge workflow.
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{
"skill_name": "shadcn",
"evals": [
{
"id": 1,
"prompt": "I'm building a Next.js app with shadcn/ui (base-nova preset, lucide icons). Create a settings form component with fields for: full name, email address, and notification preferences (email, SMS, push notifications as toggle options). Add validation states for required fields.",
"expected_output": "A React component using FieldGroup, Field, ToggleGroup, data-invalid/aria-invalid validation, gap-* spacing, and semantic colors.",
"files": [],
"expectations": [
"Uses FieldGroup and Field components for form layout instead of raw div with space-y",
"Uses Switch for independent on/off notification toggles (not looping Button with manual active state)",
"Uses data-invalid on Field and aria-invalid on the input control for validation states",
"Uses gap-* (e.g. gap-4, gap-6) instead of space-y-* or space-x-* for spacing",
"Uses semantic color tokens (e.g. bg-background, text-muted-foreground, text-destructive) instead of raw colors like bg-red-500",
"No manual dark: color overrides"
]
},
{
"id": 2,
"prompt": "Create a dialog component for editing a user profile. It should have the user's avatar at the top, input fields for name and bio, and Save/Cancel buttons with appropriate icons. Using shadcn/ui with radix-nova preset and tabler icons.",
"expected_output": "A React component with DialogTitle, Avatar+AvatarFallback, data-icon on icon buttons, no icon sizing classes, tabler icon imports.",
"files": [],
"expectations": [
"Includes DialogTitle for accessibility (visible or with sr-only class)",
"Avatar component includes AvatarFallback",
"Icons on buttons use the data-icon attribute (data-icon=\"inline-start\" or data-icon=\"inline-end\")",
"No sizing classes on icons inside components (no size-4, w-4, h-4, etc.)",
"Uses tabler icons (@tabler/icons-react) instead of lucide-react",
"Uses asChild for custom triggers (radix preset)"
]
},
{
"id": 3,
"prompt": "Create a dashboard component that shows 4 stat cards in a grid. Each card has a title, large number, percentage change badge, and a loading skeleton state. Using shadcn/ui with base-nova preset and lucide icons.",
"expected_output": "A React component with full Card composition, Skeleton for loading, Badge for changes, semantic colors, gap-* spacing.",
"files": [],
"expectations": [
"Uses full Card composition with CardHeader, CardTitle, CardContent (not dumping everything into CardContent)",
"Uses Skeleton component for loading placeholders instead of custom animate-pulse divs",
"Uses Badge component for percentage change instead of custom styled spans",
"Uses semantic color tokens instead of raw color values like bg-green-500 or text-red-600",
"Uses gap-* instead of space-y-* or space-x-* for spacing",
"Uses size-* when width and height are equal instead of separate w-* h-*"
]
},
{
"id": 4,
"prompt": "I'm building a Next.js app with shadcn/ui (base-nova preset, lucide icons). Build a chat conversation view: a scrollable thread of messages from two different people, each with an avatar, sender name, timestamp, and message bubble. A couple of messages include an image attachment and a PDF file attachment, and there's a 'Today' divider separating the days.",
"expected_output": "A React component composing MessageScroller, Message, Bubble, Attachment, and Marker from the registry instead of hand-rolled bubble/divider/attachment markup.",
"files": [],
"expectations": [
"Uses MessageScroller (MessageScrollerProvider, MessageScrollerViewport, MessageScrollerContent, MessageScrollerItem) for the scrollable thread instead of a raw overflow-y-auto div or ScrollArea",
"Wraps each row in MessageScrollerItem inside MessageScrollerContent",
"Uses Message with MessageAvatar/MessageContent/MessageHeader for row layout instead of custom flex divs",
"Uses Bubble + BubbleContent for the message surface instead of a styled div with bg-muted/bg-primary",
"Uses Attachment (AttachmentMedia, AttachmentContent, AttachmentTitle, AttachmentDescription) for the file and image attachments instead of Item or a custom card",
"Uses Marker (variant=\"separator\") for the 'Today' divider instead of Separator plus a centered label",
"Uses semantic color tokens and gap-* spacing; no raw colors like bg-emerald-500 and no space-y-*",
"Includes \"use client\" when the component uses state or event handlers (isRSC)"
]
},
{
"id": 5,
"prompt": "Using shadcn/ui (base-nova preset, lucide icons), build a streaming AI chat UI. The assistant's reply streams in while it generates, the view auto-scrolls to follow the latest content but stops following if the user scrolls up to read earlier messages, a 'jump to latest' button appears when the user has scrolled away from the bottom, and a subtle 'thinking…' shimmer shows while the model is generating.",
"expected_output": "A React component that delegates scroll/anchor behavior to MessageScroller and uses MessageScrollerButton for jump-to-latest and the shimmer utility for the thinking indicator — no hand-rolled scroll logic or custom shimmer keyframes.",
"files": [],
"expectations": [
"Uses MessageScroller with MessageScrollerProvider (autoScroll) and scrollAnchor on message items for the stick-to-bottom/follow behavior instead of a custom useStickToBottom hook or ResizeObserver/scrollTop wiring",
"Uses MessageScrollerButton for the jump-to-latest control instead of a hand-built conditional button driven by manual scroll-position state",
"Uses the shimmer utility class for the 'thinking…' indicator instead of a custom @keyframes or bg-clip-text gradient animation",
"Wraps each message row in MessageScrollerItem inside MessageScrollerContent",
"Uses Message + Bubble + BubbleContent for the conversation rows instead of hand-rolled bubble divs",
"Uses semantic color tokens and gap-* spacing; includes \"use client\" (isRSC)"
]
}
]
}
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# shadcn MCP Server
The CLI includes an MCP server that lets AI assistants search, browse, view, and install items from registries.
---
## Setup
```bash
shadcn mcp # start the MCP server (stdio)
shadcn mcp init # write config for your editor
```
Editor config files:
| Editor | Config file |
| ----------- | ------------------------------- |
| Claude Code | `.mcp.json` |
| Cursor | `.cursor/mcp.json` |
| VS Code | `.vscode/mcp.json` |
| OpenCode | `opencode.json` |
| Codex | `~/.codex/config.toml` (manual) |
---
## Tools
> **Tip:** MCP tools handle registry operations (search, view, install). For project configuration (aliases, framework, Tailwind version), use `npx shadcn@latest info` — there is no MCP equivalent.
### `shadcn:get_project_registries`
Returns registry names from `components.json`. Errors if no `components.json` exists.
**Input:** none
### `shadcn:list_items_in_registries`
Lists all items from one or more registries. Registries can be configured
namespaces such as `@acme`, public GitHub sources such as `owner/repo`, or
registry catalog URLs. Omit `registries` to list from every registry configured
in `components.json`.
**Input:** `registries` (string[], optional — omit for all configured), `types` (string[], optional — e.g. `["ui", "block"]`), `limit` (number, optional, defaults to 100), `offset` (number, optional)
### `shadcn:search_items_in_registries`
Fuzzy search across registries. Registries can be configured namespaces, public
GitHub sources, or registry catalog URLs. Omit `registries` to search every
registry configured in `components.json` — e.g. "find me a hero" across all
configured registries.
**Input:** `registries` (string[], optional — omit for all configured), `query` (string), `types` (string[], optional — e.g. `["ui", "block"]`), `limit` (number, optional, defaults to 100), `offset` (number, optional)
### `shadcn:view_items_in_registries`
View item details including full file contents.
**Input:** `items` (string[]) — e.g.
`["@shadcn/button", "@shadcn/card", "owner/repo/item"]`
### `shadcn:get_item_examples_from_registries`
Find usage examples and demos with source code. Omit `registries` to search
every registry configured in `components.json`.
**Input:** `registries` (string[], optional — omit for all configured), `query` (string) — e.g. `"accordion-demo"`, `"button example"`
### `shadcn:get_add_command_for_items`
Returns the CLI install command.
**Input:** `items` (string[]) — e.g. `["@shadcn/button"]`
### `shadcn:get_audit_checklist`
Returns a checklist for verifying components (imports, deps, lint, TypeScript).
**Input:** none
---
## Configuring Registries
Namespaced and authenticated registries are set in `components.json`. The
`@shadcn` registry is always built-in. Public GitHub registries can also be used
directly as `owner/repo` registry sources when the repository has a root
`registry.json`; they do not need `components.json` configuration.
```json
{
"registries": {
"@acme": "https://acme.com/r/{name}.json",
"@private": {
"url": "https://private.com/r/{name}.json",
"headers": { "Authorization": "Bearer ${MY_TOKEN}" }
}
}
}
```
- Names must start with `@`.
- URLs must contain `{name}`.
- `${VAR}` references are resolved from environment variables.
Community registry index: `https://ui.shadcn.com/r/registries.json`
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# Registry Authoring and Addresses
Use this reference when the user wants to create, fix, publish, or reason about
a shadcn registry.
## Mental Model
A registry has two forms:
- **Source registry**: an authored `registry.json` in a project or repository.
It may use `include` and file paths that point at source files.
- **Built registry**: generated JSON files served to CLI consumers, usually
from `public/r`. Use `npx shadcn@latest build` to create this form.
The CLI installer consumes registry item payloads. A source registry is a way to
author those payloads from real files.
Registry items are not limited to React components. They can distribute
components, hooks, utilities, design tokens, pages, config files, docs, rules,
workflows, templates, MCP files, and other project files.
## Root `registry.json`
The root registry file should define registry metadata and either `items` or
`include`.
```json
{
"$schema": "https://ui.shadcn.com/schema/registry.json",
"name": "acme",
"homepage": "https://acme.com",
"items": [
{
"name": "absolute-url",
"type": "registry:lib",
"title": "Absolute URL",
"description": "A utility to turn any path into an absolute URL.",
"files": [
{
"path": "lib/absolute-url.ts",
"type": "registry:lib"
}
]
}
]
}
```
Root registry rules:
- Root `registry.json` must include `name` and `homepage`.
- `items` is an array of registry item definitions.
- `include` may be used to split the source registry into multiple files.
- Included registry files may omit `name` and `homepage`.
## Include
Use `include` to keep large registries modular.
```json
{
"$schema": "https://ui.shadcn.com/schema/registry.json",
"name": "acme",
"homepage": "https://acme.com",
"include": ["registry/ui/registry.json", "registry/blocks/registry.json"]
}
```
Include rules:
- Include paths are relative to the `registry.json` that declares them.
- Include paths must explicitly point to a `registry.json` file.
- Do not use remote URLs, absolute paths, or parent traversal (`..`).
- Item file paths are relative to the registry file that declares the item.
- Duplicate item names fail across the resolved registry.
Example included file:
```json
{
"items": [
{
"name": "button",
"type": "registry:ui",
"files": [
{
"path": "button.tsx",
"type": "registry:ui"
}
]
}
]
}
```
If this file is at `registry/ui/registry.json`, then `button.tsx` is read from
`registry/ui/button.tsx`, and the built item path is emitted relative to the
root registry.
## Item Definitions
Common item fields:
```json
{
"name": "login-form",
"type": "registry:block",
"title": "Login Form",
"description": "A login form with email and password fields.",
"dependencies": ["zod"],
"registryDependencies": ["button", "input", "label"],
"files": [
{
"path": "blocks/login-form.tsx",
"type": "registry:block"
}
],
"cssVars": {
"light": {
"brand": "oklch(0.62 0.18 250)"
},
"dark": {
"brand": "oklch(0.72 0.16 250)"
}
}
}
```
Important fields:
- `name`: the installable item name. It is not necessarily a file path.
- `type`: one of the registry item types, such as `registry:ui`,
`registry:block`, `registry:lib`, `registry:hook`, `registry:file`,
`registry:page`, `registry:theme`, `registry:style`, `registry:font`, or
`registry:item`.
- `files`: source files copied or generated by the item.
- `dependencies`: npm runtime dependencies.
- `devDependencies`: npm development dependencies.
- `registryDependencies`: other registry items required by this item.
- `cssVars`, `css`, `tailwind`, `envVars`, and `docs`: optional install-time
additions.
File rules:
- File paths are relative to the declaring `registry.json`.
- `registry:file` and `registry:page` files require a `target`.
- Do not use remote file URLs in source registry file paths.
- Keep source files copy-pasteable: no hidden app-only imports.
## Registry Dependencies
`registryDependencies` entries are item addresses, not file paths.
```json
{
"name": "login-form",
"type": "registry:block",
"registryDependencies": ["button", "@acme/input", "acme/ui/card#v1.2.0"],
"files": [
{
"path": "blocks/login-form.tsx",
"type": "registry:block"
}
]
}
```
Dependency rules:
- Bare names such as `"button"` mean official shadcn items.
- Bare names never mean same-registry or same-repository items.
- Namespaced dependencies use `@namespace/item-name`.
- GitHub dependencies use `owner/repo/item-name`.
- Pin GitHub dependencies with `owner/repo/item-name#ref` when needed.
- Refs are not inherited. If `owner/repo/foo#v2` depends on `bar` from the same
repo at `v2`, write `owner/repo/bar#v2`.
- Do not use relative dependencies such as `"./bar"`.
## Address Schemes
When reasoning about a registry item string, classify it first.
| Address | Scheme | Meaning |
| ----------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `button` | shadcn | Official shadcn item named `button`. |
| `@acme/button` | namespace | Item `button` from configured registry `@acme`. |
| `@acme/ui/button` | namespace | Item `ui/button` from configured registry `@acme`. |
| `https://example.com/r/button.json` | url | Built registry item JSON at that URL. |
| `./button.json` | file | Built registry item JSON on disk. |
| `acme/ui/button` | github | Item `button` from GitHub repo `acme/ui`. |
| `acme/ui/forms/login#main` | github | Item `forms/login` from GitHub repo `acme/ui` at ref `main`. |
For namespace and GitHub addresses, slashful item names are allowed and are item
names, not file paths. Addresses ending in `.json` keep file-address
precedence, so `acme/ui/data/schema.json` is treated as a file path, not a
GitHub item address.
## GitHub Registries
A public GitHub repository can act as a source registry when it has a root
`registry.json`.
```txt
owner/repo/item-name[#ref]
```
Rules:
- The first two path segments are GitHub owner and repo.
- All remaining path segments are the registry item name.
- The source entrypoint is always root `registry.json`.
- GitHub registries are source registries consumed directly by the CLI. They do
not require `shadcn build` or generated item JSON files.
- `include` follows the same source-registry rules as local registries.
- Currently, GitHub addresses support public `github.com` repositories only.
- Private repos and GitHub Enterprise require explicit product decisions.
When implementing GitHub registry fetching, resolve refs to a commit SHA before
reading source files. Do not read moving refs directly from
`raw.githubusercontent.com`, because branch-like refs can be cached for several
minutes.
Preferred flow:
```txt
owner/repo[#ref]
-> resolve ref with git ls-remote
-> commit SHA
-> read https://raw.githubusercontent.com/{owner}/{repo}/{sha}/registry.json
-> read includes and item files from the same SHA
```
This keeps a command on one consistent repository snapshot.
Full 40-character commit SHAs are already stable and can be used directly.
Branches, tags, and short refs require Git so the CLI can resolve them to a
commit SHA first.
## Build and Verify
Use the CLI to build source registries:
```bash
npx shadcn@latest build
npx shadcn@latest build registry.json --output public/r
```
Use CLI commands to inspect the result:
```bash
npx shadcn@latest list @acme
npx shadcn@latest search @acme -q "login"
npx shadcn@latest view @acme/login-form
npx shadcn@latest add @acme/login-form --dry-run
npx shadcn@latest registry validate ./registry.json
```
Use GitHub addresses directly for public GitHub registries:
```bash
npx shadcn@latest list owner/repo
npx shadcn@latest search owner/repo -q "login"
npx shadcn@latest view owner/repo/item
npx shadcn@latest add owner/repo/item --dry-run
npx shadcn@latest registry validate owner/repo
```
When working on registry implementation in the shadcn/ui codebase:
- Keep address parsing pure and testable.
- Do not add side effects to validators.
- Preserve existing behavior for official shadcn, namespace, URL, and file
schemes.
- Add tests for address parsing, source loading, dependency resolution, list,
search, view, and add paths.
- Prefer small source-reader abstractions over a plugin system until there are
multiple real providers.
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# Base vs Radix
API differences between `base` and `radix`. Check the `base` field from `npx shadcn@latest info`.
## Contents
- Composition: asChild vs render
- Button / trigger as non-button element
- Select (items prop, placeholder, positioning, multiple, object values)
- ToggleGroup (type vs multiple)
- Slider (scalar vs array)
- Accordion (type and defaultValue)
---
## Composition: asChild (radix) vs render (base)
Radix uses `asChild` to replace the default element. Base uses `render`. Don't wrap triggers in extra elements.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<DialogTrigger>
<div>
<Button>Open</Button>
</div>
</DialogTrigger>
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
<DialogTrigger asChild>
<Button>Open</Button>
</DialogTrigger>
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
<DialogTrigger render={<Button />}>Open</DialogTrigger>
```
This applies to all trigger and close components: `DialogTrigger`, `SheetTrigger`, `AlertDialogTrigger`, `DropdownMenuTrigger`, `PopoverTrigger`, `TooltipTrigger`, `CollapsibleTrigger`, `DialogClose`, `SheetClose`, `NavigationMenuLink`, `BreadcrumbLink`, `SidebarMenuButton`, `Badge`, `Item`.
---
## Button / trigger as non-button element (base only)
When `render` changes an element to a non-button (`<a>`, `<span>`), add `nativeButton={false}`.
**Incorrect (base):** missing `nativeButton={false}`.
```tsx
<Button render={<a href="/docs" />}>Read the docs</Button>
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
<Button render={<a href="/docs" />} nativeButton={false}>
Read the docs
</Button>
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
<Button asChild>
<a href="/docs">Read the docs</a>
</Button>
```
Same for triggers whose `render` is not a `Button`:
```tsx
// base.
<PopoverTrigger render={<InputGroupAddon />} nativeButton={false}>
Pick date
</PopoverTrigger>
```
---
## Select
**items prop (base only).** Base requires an `items` prop on the root. Radix uses inline JSX only.
**Incorrect (base):**
```tsx
<Select>
<SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Select a fruit" /></SelectTrigger>
</Select>
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
const items = [
{ label: "Select a fruit", value: null },
{ label: "Apple", value: "apple" },
{ label: "Banana", value: "banana" },
]
<Select items={items}>
<SelectTrigger>
<SelectValue />
</SelectTrigger>
<SelectContent>
<SelectGroup>
{items.map((item) => (
<SelectItem key={item.value} value={item.value}>{item.label}</SelectItem>
))}
</SelectGroup>
</SelectContent>
</Select>
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
<Select>
<SelectTrigger>
<SelectValue placeholder="Select a fruit" />
</SelectTrigger>
<SelectContent>
<SelectGroup>
<SelectItem value="apple">Apple</SelectItem>
<SelectItem value="banana">Banana</SelectItem>
</SelectGroup>
</SelectContent>
</Select>
```
**Placeholder.** Base uses a `{ value: null }` item in the items array. Radix uses `<SelectValue placeholder="...">`.
**Content positioning.** Base uses `alignItemWithTrigger`. Radix uses `position`.
```tsx
// base.
<SelectContent alignItemWithTrigger={false} side="bottom">
// radix.
<SelectContent position="popper">
```
---
## Select — multiple selection and object values (base only)
Base supports `multiple`, render-function children on `SelectValue`, and object values with `itemToStringValue`. Radix is single-select with string values only.
**Correct (base — multiple selection):**
```tsx
<Select items={items} multiple defaultValue={[]}>
<SelectTrigger>
<SelectValue>
{(value: string[]) => value.length === 0 ? "Select fruits" : `${value.length} selected`}
</SelectValue>
</SelectTrigger>
...
</Select>
```
**Correct (base — object values):**
```tsx
<Select defaultValue={plans[0]} itemToStringValue={(plan) => plan.name}>
<SelectTrigger>
<SelectValue>{(value) => value.name}</SelectValue>
</SelectTrigger>
...
</Select>
```
---
## ToggleGroup
Base uses a `multiple` boolean prop. Radix uses `type="single"` or `type="multiple"`.
**Incorrect (base):**
```tsx
<ToggleGroup type="single" defaultValue="daily">
<ToggleGroupItem value="daily">Daily</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
// Single (no prop needed), defaultValue is always an array.
<ToggleGroup defaultValue={["daily"]} spacing={2}>
<ToggleGroupItem value="daily">Daily</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="weekly">Weekly</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
// Multi-selection.
<ToggleGroup multiple>
<ToggleGroupItem value="bold">Bold</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="italic">Italic</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
// Single, defaultValue is a string.
<ToggleGroup type="single" defaultValue="daily" spacing={2}>
<ToggleGroupItem value="daily">Daily</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="weekly">Weekly</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
// Multi-selection.
<ToggleGroup type="multiple">
<ToggleGroupItem value="bold">Bold</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="italic">Italic</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
```
**Controlled single value:**
```tsx
// base — wrap/unwrap arrays.
const [value, setValue] = React.useState("normal")
<ToggleGroup value={[value]} onValueChange={(v) => setValue(v[0])}>
// radix — plain string.
const [value, setValue] = React.useState("normal")
<ToggleGroup type="single" value={value} onValueChange={setValue}>
```
---
## Slider
Base accepts a plain number for a single thumb. Radix always requires an array.
**Incorrect (base):**
```tsx
<Slider defaultValue={[50]} max={100} step={1} />
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
<Slider defaultValue={50} max={100} step={1} />
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
<Slider defaultValue={[50]} max={100} step={1} />
```
Both use arrays for range sliders. Controlled `onValueChange` in base may need a cast:
```tsx
// base.
const [value, setValue] = React.useState([0.3, 0.7])
<Slider value={value} onValueChange={(v) => setValue(v as number[])} />
// radix.
const [value, setValue] = React.useState([0.3, 0.7])
<Slider value={value} onValueChange={setValue} />
```
---
## Accordion
Radix requires `type="single"` or `type="multiple"` and supports `collapsible`. `defaultValue` is a string. Base uses no `type` prop, uses `multiple` boolean, and `defaultValue` is always an array.
**Incorrect (base):**
```tsx
<Accordion type="single" collapsible defaultValue="item-1">
<AccordionItem value="item-1">...</AccordionItem>
</Accordion>
```
**Correct (base):**
```tsx
<Accordion defaultValue={["item-1"]}>
<AccordionItem value="item-1">...</AccordionItem>
</Accordion>
// Multi-select.
<Accordion multiple defaultValue={["item-1", "item-2"]}>
<AccordionItem value="item-1">...</AccordionItem>
<AccordionItem value="item-2">...</AccordionItem>
</Accordion>
```
**Correct (radix):**
```tsx
<Accordion type="single" collapsible defaultValue="item-1">
<AccordionItem value="item-1">...</AccordionItem>
</Accordion>
```
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# Chat & Messaging
Components for conversation and chat UI. Compose these instead of hand-rolling
bubbles, scroll containers, dividers, or attachment cards.
Install: `npx shadcn@latest add message-scroller message bubble attachment marker`
The same component names and props ship for both `base` and `radix`; only
composition differs (`render` vs `asChild`). See [base-vs-radix.md](./base-vs-radix.md).
## Contents
- Scrollable threads use MessageScroller
- Message rows use Message
- Message surfaces use Bubble
- Attachments use Attachment
- System notes and dividers use Marker
- Streaming, anchoring, and jump-to-latest are built in
- Escape hatch: the scroller hooks
---
## Scrollable threads use MessageScroller
A conversation that scrolls, follows new messages, restores position, or jumps
to a message uses `MessageScroller`. Don't build a raw overflow container with
manual scroll wiring, and don't reach for `ScrollArea`.
The parts nest in a fixed order. Every direct child of the content is wrapped in
a `MessageScrollerItem` so the scroller can measure, anchor, preserve position,
track visibility, and jump to it. `MessageScrollerButton` sits inside
`MessageScroller`, after the viewport.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
// Hand-rolled scroll container with manual stick-to-bottom logic.
<div ref={scrollRef} onScroll={handleScroll} className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
<div className="flex flex-col gap-6 p-4">
{messages.map((m) => (
<ChatMessage key={m.id} message={m} />
))}
</div>
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<MessageScrollerProvider autoScroll>
<MessageScroller>
<MessageScrollerViewport>
<MessageScrollerContent>
{messages.map((message) => (
<MessageScrollerItem
key={message.id}
messageId={message.id}
scrollAnchor={message.role === "user"}
>
<Message align={message.role === "user" ? "end" : "start"}>
{/* ...message content... */}
</Message>
</MessageScrollerItem>
))}
</MessageScrollerContent>
</MessageScrollerViewport>
<MessageScrollerButton />
</MessageScroller>
</MessageScrollerProvider>
```
---
## Message rows use Message
`Message` lays out a single row: avatar, header, content, footer, with
alignment. Group consecutive rows from one sender with `MessageGroup`. Don't
rebuild the row from flex divs.
`align="end"` is the current user's side; `align="start"` is everyone else.
```tsx
<Message align="start">
<MessageAvatar>
<Avatar>
<AvatarImage src={sender.avatar} alt={sender.name} />
<AvatarFallback>{initials}</AvatarFallback>
</Avatar>
</MessageAvatar>
<MessageContent>
<MessageHeader>{sender.name}</MessageHeader>
<Bubble>
<BubbleContent>{text}</BubbleContent>
</Bubble>
<MessageFooter>{time}</MessageFooter>
</MessageContent>
</Message>
```
---
## Message surfaces use Bubble
The colored message surface is `Bubble` + `BubbleContent`, never a styled `div`
with `bg-muted` / `bg-primary` and hand-managed corners.
- `variant`: `default`, `secondary`, `muted`, `tinted`, `outline`, `ghost`, `destructive`.
- `align`: `start` or `end` (matches the `Message` side).
`BubbleReactions` renders the reaction cluster. `side` (`top` | `bottom`) and
`align` (`start` | `end`) position it against the bubble. Don't lay reactions out
with absolutely-positioned `Badge`s.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<div className="w-fit rounded-2xl bg-primary px-3 py-2 text-primary-foreground">
{text}
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Bubble variant="default" align="end">
<BubbleContent>{text}</BubbleContent>
<BubbleReactions side="bottom" align="end">
<Badge variant="secondary">👍 2</Badge>
</BubbleReactions>
</Bubble>
```
---
## Attachments use Attachment
File and image attachments use `Attachment`, not `Item` or a custom card. It
carries upload state, so wire `state` to the real status rather than rendering a
separate spinner.
- `state`: `idle`, `uploading`, `processing`, `error`, `done`. `uploading` and
`processing` apply the `shimmer` animation to the title automatically.
- `size`: `default`, `sm`, `xs`. `orientation`: `horizontal`, `vertical`.
- Use `AttachmentGroup` to lay out several attachments in a scrolling row.
```tsx
<Attachment state="done">
<AttachmentMedia variant="icon">
<FileTextIcon />
</AttachmentMedia>
<AttachmentContent>
<AttachmentTitle>homepage-feedback.pdf</AttachmentTitle>
<AttachmentDescription>PDF · 2.4 MB</AttachmentDescription>
</AttachmentContent>
<AttachmentActions>
<AttachmentAction>
<DownloadIcon />
</AttachmentAction>
</AttachmentActions>
</Attachment>
```
For an image, use `<AttachmentMedia variant="image">` with an `img` child.
---
## System notes and dividers use Marker
Status lines ("Sarah joined the conversation"), date dividers ("Today"), and
labeled separators are `Marker`, not a `Separator` plus a centered span.
- `variant`: `default` (plain row), `separator` (centered label with rules on
each side), `border` (bottom-bordered row).
- `MarkerIcon` holds a leading icon; `MarkerContent` holds the label.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<div className="flex items-center gap-3 py-2">
<Separator className="flex-1" />
<span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Today</span>
<Separator className="flex-1" />
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Marker variant="separator">
<MarkerContent>Today</MarkerContent>
</Marker>
```
---
## Streaming, anchoring, and jump-to-latest are built in
`MessageScroller` handles the behavior that chat UIs usually reinvent. Don't
write a `useStickToBottom` hook, a `ResizeObserver`, or manual `scrollTop` math.
- **Follow the live edge while streaming.** `MessageScrollerProvider` with
`autoScroll` keeps the view pinned to new content and yields the moment the
user scrolls up. Streaming token updates that grow the last message are
followed automatically.
- **Anchor a turn.** `scrollAnchor` on a `MessageScrollerItem` marks the row to
hold in view (typically the user's message that started the turn).
- **Jump to latest.** `MessageScrollerButton` appears when the user scrolls away
and scrolls back on click. `direction="end"` (default) or `direction="start"`.
It is a self-managing control, so don't gate it behind your own scroll-position
state.
For a "thinking…" indicator while the model generates, apply the `shimmer`
utility to text. Don't author a custom keyframe animation. See
[styling.md](./styling.md).
---
## Escape hatch: the scroller hooks
For behavior the parts don't expose, read state from the hooks rather than
re-implementing the scroller: `useMessageScroller`,
`useMessageScrollerVisibility`, and `useMessageScrollerScrollable`. They come
from the auto-installed `@shadcn/react` dependency, so there's nothing extra to
install. Reach for them only when composition can't express what you need.
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# Component Composition
## Contents
- Items always inside their Group component
- Callouts use Alert
- Empty states use Empty component
- Toast notifications use sonner
- Choosing between overlay components
- Dialog, Sheet, and Drawer always need a Title
- Card structure
- Button has no isPending or isLoading prop
- TabsTrigger must be inside TabsList
- Avatar always needs AvatarFallback
- Use Separator instead of raw hr or border divs
- Use Skeleton for loading placeholders
- Use Badge instead of custom styled spans
---
## Items always inside their Group component
Never render items directly inside the content container.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<SelectContent>
<SelectItem value="apple">Apple</SelectItem>
<SelectItem value="banana">Banana</SelectItem>
</SelectContent>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<SelectContent>
<SelectGroup>
<SelectItem value="apple">Apple</SelectItem>
<SelectItem value="banana">Banana</SelectItem>
</SelectGroup>
</SelectContent>
```
This applies to all group-based components:
| Item | Group |
|------|-------|
| `SelectItem`, `SelectLabel` | `SelectGroup` |
| `DropdownMenuItem`, `DropdownMenuLabel`, `DropdownMenuSub` | `DropdownMenuGroup` |
| `MenubarItem` | `MenubarGroup` |
| `ContextMenuItem` | `ContextMenuGroup` |
| `CommandItem` | `CommandGroup` |
| `MessageScrollerItem` | `MessageScrollerContent` |
| `Message` (consecutive, same sender) | `MessageGroup` |
| `Bubble` (stacked) | `BubbleGroup` |
| `Attachment` (in a row) | `AttachmentGroup` |
Chat components nest in a fixed order (`MessageScrollerProvider` → `MessageScroller` → `MessageScrollerViewport` → `MessageScrollerContent` → `MessageScrollerItem`). See [chat.md](./chat.md).
---
## Callouts use Alert
```tsx
<Alert>
<AlertTitle>Warning</AlertTitle>
<AlertDescription>Something needs attention.</AlertDescription>
</Alert>
```
---
## Empty states use Empty component
```tsx
<Empty>
<EmptyHeader>
<EmptyMedia variant="icon"><FolderIcon /></EmptyMedia>
<EmptyTitle>No projects yet</EmptyTitle>
<EmptyDescription>Get started by creating a new project.</EmptyDescription>
</EmptyHeader>
<EmptyContent>
<Button>Create Project</Button>
</EmptyContent>
</Empty>
```
---
## Toast notifications use sonner
```tsx
import { toast } from "sonner"
toast.success("Changes saved.")
toast.error("Something went wrong.")
toast("File deleted.", {
action: { label: "Undo", onClick: () => undoDelete() },
})
```
---
## Choosing between overlay components
| Use case | Component |
|----------|-----------|
| Focused task that requires input | `Dialog` |
| Destructive action confirmation | `AlertDialog` |
| Side panel with details or filters | `Sheet` |
| Mobile-first bottom panel | `Drawer` |
| Quick info on hover | `HoverCard` |
| Small contextual content on click | `Popover` |
---
## Dialog, Sheet, and Drawer always need a Title
`DialogTitle`, `SheetTitle`, `DrawerTitle` are required for accessibility. Use `className="sr-only"` if visually hidden.
```tsx
<DialogContent>
<DialogHeader>
<DialogTitle>Edit Profile</DialogTitle>
<DialogDescription>Update your profile.</DialogDescription>
</DialogHeader>
...
</DialogContent>
```
---
## Card structure
Use full composition — don't dump everything into `CardContent`:
```tsx
<Card>
<CardHeader>
<CardTitle>Team Members</CardTitle>
<CardDescription>Manage your team.</CardDescription>
</CardHeader>
<CardContent>...</CardContent>
<CardFooter>
<Button>Invite</Button>
</CardFooter>
</Card>
```
---
## Button has no isPending or isLoading prop
Compose with `Spinner` + `data-icon` + `disabled`:
```tsx
<Button disabled>
<Spinner data-icon="inline-start" />
Saving...
</Button>
```
---
## TabsTrigger must be inside TabsList
Never render `TabsTrigger` directly inside `Tabs` — always wrap in `TabsList`:
```tsx
<Tabs defaultValue="account">
<TabsList>
<TabsTrigger value="account">Account</TabsTrigger>
<TabsTrigger value="password">Password</TabsTrigger>
</TabsList>
<TabsContent value="account">...</TabsContent>
</Tabs>
```
---
## Avatar always needs AvatarFallback
Always include `AvatarFallback` for when the image fails to load:
```tsx
<Avatar>
<AvatarImage src="/avatar.png" alt="User" />
<AvatarFallback>JD</AvatarFallback>
</Avatar>
```
---
## Use existing components instead of custom markup
| Instead of | Use |
|---|---|
| `<hr>` or `<div className="border-t">` | `<Separator />` |
| `<div className="animate-pulse">` with styled divs | `<Skeleton className="h-4 w-3/4" />` |
| `<span className="rounded-full bg-green-100 ...">` | `<Badge variant="secondary">` |
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# Forms & Inputs
## Contents
- Forms use FieldGroup + Field
- InputGroup requires InputGroupInput/InputGroupTextarea
- Buttons inside inputs use InputGroup + InputGroupAddon
- Option sets (2–7 choices) use ToggleGroup
- FieldSet + FieldLegend for grouping related fields
- Field validation and disabled states
---
## Forms use FieldGroup + Field
Always use `FieldGroup` + `Field` — never raw `div` with `space-y-*`:
```tsx
<FieldGroup>
<Field>
<FieldLabel htmlFor="email">Email</FieldLabel>
<Input id="email" type="email" />
</Field>
<Field>
<FieldLabel htmlFor="password">Password</FieldLabel>
<Input id="password" type="password" />
</Field>
</FieldGroup>
```
Use `Field orientation="horizontal"` for settings pages. Use `FieldLabel className="sr-only"` for visually hidden labels.
**Choosing form controls:**
- Simple text input → `Input`
- Dropdown with predefined options → `Select`
- Searchable dropdown → `Combobox`
- Native HTML select (no JS) → `native-select`
- Boolean toggle → `Switch` (for settings) or `Checkbox` (for forms)
- Single choice from few options → `RadioGroup`
- Toggle between 2–5 options → `ToggleGroup` + `ToggleGroupItem`
- OTP/verification code → `InputOTP`
- Multi-line text → `Textarea`
---
## InputGroup requires InputGroupInput/InputGroupTextarea
Never use raw `Input` or `Textarea` inside an `InputGroup`.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<InputGroup>
<Input placeholder="Search..." />
</InputGroup>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
import { InputGroup, InputGroupInput } from "@/components/ui/input-group"
<InputGroup>
<InputGroupInput placeholder="Search..." />
</InputGroup>
```
---
## Buttons inside inputs use InputGroup + InputGroupAddon
Never place a `Button` directly inside or adjacent to an `Input` with custom positioning.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<div className="relative">
<Input placeholder="Search..." className="pr-10" />
<Button className="absolute right-0 top-0" size="icon">
<SearchIcon />
</Button>
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
import { InputGroup, InputGroupInput, InputGroupAddon } from "@/components/ui/input-group"
<InputGroup>
<InputGroupInput placeholder="Search..." />
<InputGroupAddon>
<Button size="icon">
<SearchIcon data-icon="inline-start" />
</Button>
</InputGroupAddon>
</InputGroup>
```
---
## Option sets (2–7 choices) use ToggleGroup
Don't manually loop `Button` components with active state.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
const [selected, setSelected] = useState("daily")
<div className="flex gap-2">
{["daily", "weekly", "monthly"].map((option) => (
<Button
key={option}
variant={selected === option ? "default" : "outline"}
onClick={() => setSelected(option)}
>
{option}
</Button>
))}
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
import { ToggleGroup, ToggleGroupItem } from "@/components/ui/toggle-group"
<ToggleGroup spacing={2}>
<ToggleGroupItem value="daily">Daily</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="weekly">Weekly</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="monthly">Monthly</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
```
Combine with `Field` for labelled toggle groups:
```tsx
<Field orientation="horizontal">
<FieldTitle id="theme-label">Theme</FieldTitle>
<ToggleGroup aria-labelledby="theme-label" spacing={2}>
<ToggleGroupItem value="light">Light</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="dark">Dark</ToggleGroupItem>
<ToggleGroupItem value="system">System</ToggleGroupItem>
</ToggleGroup>
</Field>
```
> **Note:** `defaultValue` and `type`/`multiple` props differ between base and radix. See [base-vs-radix.md](./base-vs-radix.md#togglegroup).
---
## FieldSet + FieldLegend for grouping related fields
Use `FieldSet` + `FieldLegend` for related checkboxes, radios, or switches — not `div` with a heading:
```tsx
<FieldSet>
<FieldLegend variant="label">Preferences</FieldLegend>
<FieldDescription>Select all that apply.</FieldDescription>
<FieldGroup className="gap-3">
<Field orientation="horizontal">
<Checkbox id="dark" />
<FieldLabel htmlFor="dark" className="font-normal">Dark mode</FieldLabel>
</Field>
</FieldGroup>
</FieldSet>
```
---
## Field validation and disabled states
Both attributes are needed — `data-invalid`/`data-disabled` styles the field (label, description), while `aria-invalid`/`disabled` styles the control.
```tsx
// Invalid.
<Field data-invalid>
<FieldLabel htmlFor="email">Email</FieldLabel>
<Input id="email" aria-invalid />
<FieldDescription>Invalid email address.</FieldDescription>
</Field>
// Disabled.
<Field data-disabled>
<FieldLabel htmlFor="email">Email</FieldLabel>
<Input id="email" disabled />
</Field>
```
Works for all controls: `Input`, `Textarea`, `Select`, `Checkbox`, `RadioGroupItem`, `Switch`, `Slider`, `NativeSelect`, `InputOTP`.
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# Icons
**Always use the project's configured `iconLibrary` for imports.** Check the `iconLibrary` field from project context: `lucide` → `lucide-react`, `tabler` → `@tabler/icons-react`, etc. Never assume `lucide-react`.
---
## Icons in Button use data-icon attribute
Add `data-icon="inline-start"` (prefix) or `data-icon="inline-end"` (suffix) to the icon. No sizing classes on the icon.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<Button>
<SearchIcon className="mr-2 size-4" />
Search
</Button>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Button>
<SearchIcon data-icon="inline-start"/>
Search
</Button>
<Button>
Next
<ArrowRightIcon data-icon="inline-end"/>
</Button>
```
---
## No sizing classes on icons inside components
Components handle icon sizing via CSS. Don't add `size-4`, `w-4 h-4`, or other sizing classes to icons inside `Button`, `DropdownMenuItem`, `Alert`, `Sidebar*`, or other shadcn components. Unless the user explicitly asks for custom icon sizes.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<Button>
<SearchIcon className="size-4" data-icon="inline-start" />
Search
</Button>
<DropdownMenuItem>
<SettingsIcon className="mr-2 size-4" />
Settings
</DropdownMenuItem>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Button>
<SearchIcon data-icon="inline-start" />
Search
</Button>
<DropdownMenuItem>
<SettingsIcon />
Settings
</DropdownMenuItem>
```
---
## Pass icons as component objects, not string keys
Use `icon={CheckIcon}`, not a string key to a lookup map.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
const iconMap = {
check: CheckIcon,
alert: AlertIcon,
}
function StatusBadge({ icon }: { icon: string }) {
const Icon = iconMap[icon]
return <Icon />
}
<StatusBadge icon="check" />
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
// Import from the project's configured iconLibrary (e.g. lucide-react, @tabler/icons-react).
import { CheckIcon } from "lucide-react"
function StatusBadge({ icon: Icon }: { icon: React.ComponentType }) {
return <Icon />
}
<StatusBadge icon={CheckIcon} />
```
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# Styling & Customization
See [customization.md](../customization.md) for theming, CSS variables, and adding custom colors.
## Contents
- Semantic colors
- Built-in variants first
- className for layout only
- No space-x-* / space-y-*
- Prefer size-* over w-* h-* when equal
- Prefer truncate shorthand
- No manual dark: color overrides
- Use cn() for conditional classes
- No manual z-index on overlay components
- Use shimmer / scroll-fade utilities, not custom animations
---
## Semantic colors
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<div className="bg-blue-500 text-white">
<p className="text-gray-600">Secondary text</p>
</div>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<div className="bg-primary text-primary-foreground">
<p className="text-muted-foreground">Secondary text</p>
</div>
```
---
## No raw color values for status/state indicators
For positive, negative, or status indicators, use Badge variants, semantic tokens like `text-destructive`, or define custom CSS variables — don't reach for raw Tailwind colors.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<span className="text-emerald-600">+20.1%</span>
<span className="text-green-500">Active</span>
<span className="text-red-600">-3.2%</span>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Badge variant="secondary">+20.1%</Badge>
<Badge>Active</Badge>
<span className="text-destructive">-3.2%</span>
```
If you need a success/positive color that doesn't exist as a semantic token, use a Badge variant or ask the user about adding a custom CSS variable to the theme (see [customization.md](../customization.md)).
---
## Built-in variants first
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<Button className="border border-input bg-transparent hover:bg-accent">
Click me
</Button>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Button variant="outline">Click me</Button>
```
---
## className for layout only
Use `className` for layout (e.g. `max-w-md`, `mx-auto`, `mt-4`), **not** for overriding component colors or typography. To change colors, use semantic tokens, built-in variants, or CSS variables.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<Card className="bg-blue-100 text-blue-900 font-bold">
<CardContent>Dashboard</CardContent>
</Card>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<Card className="max-w-md mx-auto">
<CardContent>Dashboard</CardContent>
</Card>
```
To customize a component's appearance, prefer these approaches in order:
1. **Built-in variants** — `variant="outline"`, `variant="destructive"`, etc.
2. **Semantic color tokens** — `bg-primary`, `text-muted-foreground`.
3. **CSS variables** — define custom colors in the global CSS file (see [customization.md](../customization.md)).
---
## No space-x-* / space-y-*
Use `gap-*` instead. `space-y-4` → `flex flex-col gap-4`. `space-x-2` → `flex gap-2`.
```tsx
<div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
<Input />
<Input />
<Button>Submit</Button>
</div>
```
---
## Prefer size-* over w-* h-* when equal
`size-10` not `w-10 h-10`. Applies to icons, avatars, skeletons, etc.
---
## Prefer truncate shorthand
`truncate` not `overflow-hidden text-ellipsis whitespace-nowrap`.
---
## No manual dark: color overrides
Use semantic tokens — they handle light/dark via CSS variables. `bg-background text-foreground` not `bg-white dark:bg-gray-950`.
---
## Use cn() for conditional classes
Use the `cn()` utility from the project for conditional or merged class names. Don't write manual ternaries in className strings.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<div className={`flex items-center ${isActive ? "bg-primary text-primary-foreground" : "bg-muted"}`}>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
<div className={cn("flex items-center", isActive ? "bg-primary text-primary-foreground" : "bg-muted")}>
```
---
## No manual z-index on overlay components
`Dialog`, `Sheet`, `Drawer`, `AlertDialog`, `DropdownMenu`, `Popover`, `Tooltip`, `HoverCard` handle their own stacking. Never add `z-50` or `z-[999]`.
---
## Use shimmer / scroll-fade utilities, not custom animations
For a live "thinking…" or loading-text shimmer, apply the `shimmer` utility. Don't author a custom `@keyframes` or a `bg-clip-text` gradient sweep.
For scroll-aware edge fading on a scroll container, use `scroll-fade` (and the axis variants `scroll-fade-x` / `scroll-fade-b`). Don't hand-roll mask gradients. The chat components already apply these internally: `Attachment` shimmers its title during upload, and `MessageScrollerViewport` fades its edges.
**Incorrect:**
```tsx
<span className="animate-pulse bg-gradient-to-r from-muted-foreground/40 via-foreground/70 to-muted-foreground/40 bg-clip-text text-transparent [animation:shimmer_1.6s_infinite]">
Thinking…
</span>
```
**Correct:**
```tsx
<span className="shimmer">Thinking…</span>
```
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../../.agents/skills/shadcn
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{
"version": 1,
"skills": {
"shadcn": {
"source": "shadcn/ui",
"sourceType": "github",
"skillPath": "skills/shadcn/SKILL.md",
"computedHash": "d81caa0f86aabab65b25e302d454f23a3328760386ed9078345584c0d5c8058e"
}
}
}